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The Wiccan Rede is a statement that provides the key moral system in the Neopagan religion of Wicca and certain other related Witchcraft-based faiths. A common form of the Rede is ''An it harm none, do what ye will''. The word "Rede" derives from Middle English, meaning "advice" or "counsel" and being closely related to the German or Norwegian and Swedish . "An" is an archaic Middle English conjunction, meaning "if." "Ye" is an archaic or dialectal form of "you" (nominative plural). Other variants of the Rede include: *''Eight words the Wiccan Rede fulfill, An it harm none do what ye will.'' Note: this is the first published form of the couplet, quoted from Doreen Valiente in 1964. Later published versions include "ye" instead of "it" (as the second word, following 'An'): "Eight words the Wiccan Rede fulfill – An 'ye' harm none, do what ye will" (Earth Religion News, 1974); "wilt" rather than "will": "Eight words Wiccan Rede fulfill – An' it harm none, do what ye wilt" (Green Egg, 1975); "thou" instead of "ye" or "you", or "as" in place of "what", or any combination, e.g. "...An' (it/ye/you) harm none, do (as/what) (ye/thou/you) (wilt/will)": *''An it harm none, do what thou wilt'' *''An it harm none, do as thou wilt'' *''That it harm none, do as thou wilt'' *''Do what you will, so long as it harms none'' == History == In its best known form as the "eight words" couplet, the Rede was first publicly recorded in a 1964 speech by Doreen Valiente. A similar phrase, ''Do what thou wilt shall be the whole of the Law'', appears in Aleister Crowley's works by 1904, in The Book of the Law (though as used by Crowley it is half of a statement and response, the response being "Love is the law, love under will"). According to B.A. Robinson of the Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance, Crowley adopted this line from François Rabelais, who in 1534 wrote, "DO AS THOU WILT because men that are free, of gentle birth, well bred and at home in civilized company possess a natural instinct that inclines them to virtue and saves them from vice. This instinct they name their honor".〔Robinson, B.A. "The Wiccan Rule of Behavior: The Wiccan Rede. ''Origin of the Wiccan Rede:'' Updated: 27 September 2007. Available Online at: (Religioustolerance.org ), Visited 28 December 2007.〕 King Pausole, a character in Pierre Louÿs' ''Les aventures du roi Pausole'' (The Adventures of King Pausole, published in 1901), issued a similar pair of edicts: ''I. — Ne nuis pas à ton voisin. II. — Ceci bien compris, fais ce qu'il te plaît.'' ("Do not harm your neighbor; this being well understood, do that which pleases you.") Although Gardner noted the similarity of the rede to King Pausole's words, Silver Ravenwolf believes it is more directly referencing Crowley.〔RavenWolf, Silver. "Solitary Witch: The Ultimate Book of Shadows for the New Generation." Llewellyn Worldwide, 2003.〕 Another notable antecedent was put forth by the philosopher John Stuart Mill with his ''harm principle'' in the 19th century.〔Mill, John Stuart. "On Liberty". 1859. Online copy available at (Utilitarianism.com. )〕 "Mill argues that the sole purpose of law should be to stop people from harming others and that should people want to participate in victimless crimes, crimes with no complaining witness, such as gambling, drug usage, engaging in prostitution, then they should not be encroached in doing so." In addition, the first part of the phrase is strikingly similar to the Latin maxim primum non nocere (first do no harm). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Wiccan Rede」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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